Complications of diabetes
A diabetic patient is diagnosed every 3 seconds in the world, and a patient dies from complications of diabetes every 7 seconds.
Diabetic nephropathy, diabetic eye disease, diabetic macrovascular lesions, etc. are already well known to diabetic patients, but there are some complications that have been ignored, but are secretly attacking diabetic patients.
Diabetes is a metabolic disease, so it is related to many organs of the body. Once endocrine disorders occur, it may cause oral diseases, liver diseases, perianal diseases, etc. Some patients are even diagnosed with diabetes because of these complications.
Oral lesions
1. Periodontal disease
Oral disease has become the sixth largest complication of diabetes. The number of patients with periodontal disease in the population is not small, and diabetic patients face a higher risk of periodontal disease, and periodontal inflammation is often not easy to control.
Diabetes and periodontitis interact with each other. Diabetes can cause a more persistent inflammatory response, resulting in more loss and absorption of alveolar bone attachment tissue. In turn, periodontitis is also an important cause of the occurrence and development of diabetes.
Periodontal disease stimulates local and systemic inflammatory responses, which may be an important factor in the aggravation of diabetes.
After periodontitis patients are given periodontal calculus removal treatment, while local periodontal inflammation is alleviated, the pro-inflammatory substances in the patient’s blood can also be reduced, reducing the factors that lead to the deterioration of diabetes.
Therefore, experts recommend that diabetic patients undergo regular oral examinations and actively treat periodontal diseases.
2. Oral mucosal diseases
Diabetic patients are also prone to oral mucosal diseases, among which oral candidiasis caused by fungal infection is the most common, with an incidence rate of more than half.
Studies have shown that the incidence rate of oral mucosal lesions in non-insulin-dependent patients is 30%, while the incidence rate of oral mucosal diseases in insulin-dependent patients can be as high as 70%. It can be seen that insulin-dependent diabetic patients are more likely to have oral mucosal diseases and should be prevented.
When the body’s immune function is reduced, oral candidiasis has the opportunity to take advantage of the situation, and diabetes is the main susceptibility factor for oral candidiasis, which is mainly manifested as median rhombus tongue, denture stomatitis and angular cheilitis.
Experts remind that oral candidiasis in diabetic patients is closely related to smoking, wearing dentures and uncontrolled blood sugar.
3. Dry mouth and bad breath
Experts say that thirst and polydipsia are one of the main symptoms of diabetes, which are often the most familiar and the most easily ignored. In fact, this is due to pathological changes in the salivary glands of diabetic patients, which causes damage to the structure of the salivary glands and loss of secretory function.
In the case of reduced saliva, if water is not replenished in time, it is easy to have symptoms such as tongue atrophy, taste changes, dry mouth, burning sensation in the mouth, and bad breath. In addition, patients with long-term caries (cavities) and difficult-to-heal oral ulcers are advised to check whether they have diabetes in time.
Liver lesions
1. Fatty liver
Insulin resistance, inflammatory response and obesity increase the risk of fatty liver in diabetic patients. Experts estimate that about 50% to 60% of diabetic patients have fatty liver, which may progress to cirrhosis over time.
Diabetic patients should participate in physical exercise, try not to drink alcohol, consult a doctor before taking health products, and pay special attention to symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disorders, memory loss and swelling of legs and feet.
2. Liver cancer
Clinically, it has been found that diabetic patients have a high incidence of tumors. Since many patients with type 2 diabetes are obese, and are stimulated by drugs, they are particularly prone to liver cancer.
It is not uncommon for liver cancer to be accompanied by unstable blood sugar in clinical practice. About 10% to 45% of primary liver cancer patients have unstable blood sugar, some of which are manifested as abnormal glucose tolerance, some as hyperglycemia, and some as hypoglycemia.
3. Gastroparesis
Some diabetic patients cannot empty their stomachs normally after eating, which can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, upper abdominal pain, etc. Clinically, it has been found that some patients have been constipated for many years, and they have diabetes after examination.
Most gastroparesis patients have a diabetes course of more than 10 years. The worse the blood sugar control, the greater the risk of this complication. It is recommended to monitor blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin frequently.
4. Hearing loss
Diabetes can cause inflammation of microvascular vessels throughout the body, including small blood vessels in the ear, which reduces blood flow to the brain and inner ear, causing symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness.
Hearing loss caused by diabetes is usually gradual, and sometimes sudden deafness on one side occurs. The prevention method is to control blood sugar.
5. Perianal disease
Perianal abscess is a common disease among anorectal diseases. The course of the disease is relatively acute and severe, and the patients are quite painful. Many patients with perianal abscesses are also found to have diabetes during the examination, and there is a trend of increasing.
This is mainly because diabetes causes a decrease in the ability to resist infection. Once an infection occurs, it will become more and more serious if it is not treated in time.
Patients with perianal abscess must check their blood sugar and urine routine, and be alert to the possibility of diabetes. At the same time, they should go to a regular hospital specialist for treatment as soon as possible to avoid delaying the condition.